Phosphoric Acid
High Purity and Strong Acidity Control: Phosphoric acid is a medium-strong inorganic acid with stable and controllable acidity, making it suitable for precise pH adjustment and chemical reactions across multiple industries.
Excellent Solubility and Compatibility: It is easily soluble in water and ethanol and can react with various bases to form different phosphate salts, offering high versatility in industrial and chemical applications.
Stable Physical and Chemical Properties: With a high boiling point, good thermal stability, and strong hydrogen bonding, phosphoric acid maintains consistent performance under diverse processing conditions.
Wide Industrial Applicability: Due to its reliable reactivity and physicochemical properties, phosphoric acid is widely used in chemical manufacturing, fertilizers, food processing, metallurgy, and surface treatment processes.
Product Description of Phosphoric Acid CAS#7664-38-2
Phosphoric acid, also known as orthophosphoric acid, has the molecular formula H₃PO₄. In its pure form, it appears as a colorless, transparent, viscous liquid or as odorless orthorhombic crystals with a strong sour taste. An 85% phosphoric acid solution is a colorless to slightly light-colored, thick liquid. It has a melting point of 42.35 ℃, a specific gravity of 1.70, and a high boiling point. It is completely miscible with water, and its boiling point is 213 ℃, at which half of its water content is lost to form pyrophosphoric acid; when heated to 300 ℃, it converts into metaphosphoric acid. Its relative density is about 1.834, and it dissolves readily in both water and ethanol.
Phosphoric acid is a common inorganic acid of medium strength. Its acidity is weaker than that of strong acids such as sulfuric, hydrochloric, and nitric acids, but stronger than weak acids like acetic, boric, and carbonic acids. When reacting with sodium carbonate at different pH levels, it can produce various acid salts. Phosphoric acid can irritate the skin, cause inflammation, and damage body tissues, and concentrated phosphoric acid may be corrosive to porcelain when heated. It is hygroscopic and should be stored in tightly sealed containers. Commercial phosphoric acid is typically supplied as a viscous concentrated solution containing about 82% H₃PO₄, with its high viscosity mainly resulting from hydrogen bonding within the solution.
Phosphoric acid Chemical Properties
Melting point | ~40 °C(lit.) |
Boiling point | 158 °C(lit.) |
density | 1.685 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
vapor density | 3.4 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | 2.2 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.433 |
FEMA | 2900 | PHOSPHORIC ACID |
storage temp. | no restrictions. |
solubility | H2O: soluble |
pka | 2.1-7.2-12.3(at 25℃) |
form | Solid or Viscous Liquid |
Specific Gravity | 1.7 |
color | ≤10(APHA) |
PH | 3.06(1 mM solution);2.26(10 mM solution);1.63(100 mM solution); |
Odor | Odorless |
PH Range | 1.5 |
Water Solubility | MISCIBLE |
λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: ≤0.05 |
Merck | 14,7344 |
BRN | 1921286 |
Exposure limits | TLV-TWA 1 mg/m3 (ACGIH, MSHA, and OSHA); TLV-STEL 3 mg/m3 (ACGIH). |
Dielectric constant | 61.0 |
InChIKey | NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | -2.15 |
CAS DataBase Reference | 7664-38-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | Phosphoric acid(7664-38-2) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Phosphoric acid (7664-38-2) |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | C,Xn,T,F |
Risk Statements | 34-35-22-39/23/24/25-36/38-23/24/25-11 |
Safety Statements | 7-16-26-36/37-45-36/37/39-1/2-24/25 |
RIDADR | UN 3453 8/PG 3 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | TB6300000 |
F | 3-10 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2809 20 00 |
HazardClass | 8 |
PackingGroup | III |
Hazardous Substances Data | 7664-38-2(Hazardous Substances Data) |
IDLA | 1,000 mg/m3 |
Product Application of Phosphoric Acid CAS#7664-38-2
Wet-process phosphoric acid is primarily used in the production of various phosphates, including ammonium phosphate, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, trisodium phosphate, and condensed phosphates. Purified phosphoric acid is applied in the manufacture of calcium hydrogen phosphate for animal feed.
It is widely used for metal surface phosphating, as well as in the preparation of electrolytic and chemical polishing solutions for aluminum products. In the pharmaceutical industry, it serves as a raw material for producing compounds such as sodium glycerophosphate and iron phosphate, and is also used in the manufacture of zinc phosphate for dental cement applications.
Phosphoric acid functions as a catalyst in phenolic resin condensation reactions and as a drying agent in the production of dyes and chemical intermediates. In the printing industry, it is used to formulate cleaning solutions for removing stains from offset printing plates, and it is also utilized in the preparation of matchstick impregnation solutions.
In metallurgy, phosphoric acid is used to produce phosphate refractory mortars to extend the service life of steelmaking furnaces. Additionally, it acts as a coagulant for rubber latex, a raw material for inorganic adhesives, and an anti-corrosion component in metal protective coatings.
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