D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone (CAS#90-80-2)
Delta-Gluconolactone (GDL) is the lactone form of D-gluconate and occurs naturally in a variety of foods, including honey, fruit juices, wine, and many fermented products.
As a food additive identified by E number E575, it functions as a sequestrant and acidifier, helping to lower pH and protect foods from deterioration caused by enzymes and microorganisms. It also serves as a curing, pickling, and leavening agent, and has been promoted for applications such as feta cheese production.
Although neutral in its dry form, GDL hydrolyzes in water to form gluconic acid, contributing a mild tangy flavor. Its acidity is approximately one-third that of citric acid. Additionally, it can be used as a nutritional supplement in beverages, including instant drinks, syrups, ready-to-drink tea and coffee, sports and energy drinks, and bottled water.
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D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone Chemical Properties
| Melting point | 160 °C (dec.)(lit.) |
| alpha | 65 º (c=1,H2O) |
| Boiling point | 230.35°C (rough estimate) |
| bulk density | 750kg/m3 |
| density | 0.6 |
| refractive index | 63.5 ° (C=10, H2O) |
| storage temp. | Sealed in dry,Room Temperature |
| solubility | 590g/l Hydrolysis |
| pKa | 12.06±0.60(Predicted) |
| form | Crystalline Powder |
| color | White to off-white |
| Odor | wh. cryst. powd., pract. odorless |
| PH | 3.6 (10g/l, H2O, 20℃) |
| biological source | microbial |
| Water Solubility | 500 g/L (20 ºC) |
| Merck | 144457 |
| BRN | 83286 |
| Major Application | pharmaceutical (small molecule) |
| Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | SKIN CONDITIONING |
| CHELATING |
| Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) | D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone (90-80-2) |
| InChI | 1S/C6H10O6/c7-1-2-3(8)4(9)5(10)6(11)12-2/h2-5,7-10H,1H2/t2-,3-,4+,5-/m1/s1 |
| InChIKey | PHOQVHQSTUBQQK-SQOUGZDYSA-N |
| SMILES | OC[C@H]1OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O |
| LogP | -2.38 |
| CAS DataBase Reference | 90-80-2(CAS DataBase Reference) |
| NIST Chemistry Reference | D-Gluconic acid, «delta»-lactone(90-80-2) |
| EPA Substance Registry System | .delta.-Gluconolactone (90-80-2) |
Safety Information
| Hazard Codes | Xn,Xi |
| Risk Statements | 21-36/38-46-62-63 |
| Safety Statements | 24/25-53-36/37-26-25 |
| WGK Germany | 3 |
| RTECS | LZ5184000 |
| F | 21 |
| TSCA | TSCA listed |
| HS Code | 29322090 |
| Storage Class | 11 - Combustible Solids |
| Hazardous Substances Data | 90-80-2(Hazardous Substances Data) |
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Product Application of D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone (CAS#90-80-2)
D-(+)-Glucono-1,5-lactone (GDL) functions primarily as an acidulant. In aqueous solution, it gradually hydrolyzes to produce gluconic acid, thereby establishing the desired pH level. The speed of acid generation depends on factors such as temperature, concentration, and the initial pH of the solution. Acid release occurs slowly at room temperature and accelerates at elevated temperatures.
GDL is highly soluble, with a solubility of 59 g per 100 ml of water at 20°C. It serves multiple roles, including leavening agent, acidulant, curing and pickling agent, and pH regulator. Compared with many other food acids, it provides a milder tartness. It is widely applied in baked products, seafood items, desserts, and salad dressings.
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