Glycerol CAS#56-81-5
Colorless : Ideal for clear applications.
Viscous : Provides thickness for products like creams.
Hygroscopic : Retains moisture as a humectant.
Sweet-tasting : Enhances flavor in food and oral care.
Glycerol CAS#56-81-5
Glycerol (CAS# 56-81-5) is a trihydric alcohol characterized by its colorless appearance, viscous texture, hygroscopic nature, and sweet taste. It is also known as glycerin or glycerine, where "glycerol" is favored for its pure chemical form, while "glycerin(e)" is commonly used in commercial applications across diverse grades.
Glycerol Chemical Properties
Melting point | 20 °C(lit.) |
Boiling point | 290 °C |
density | 1.25 g/mL(lit.) |
vapor density | 3.1 (vs air) |
vapor pressure | <1 mm Hg ( 20 °C) |
refractive index | n20/D 1.474(lit.) |
FEMA | 2525 | GLYCEROL |
Fp | 320 °F |
storage temp. | Store at +5°C to +30°C. |
solubility | H2O: 5 M at 20 °C, clear, colorless |
pka | 14.15(at 25℃) |
form | Viscous Liquid |
color | APHA: ≤10 |
Specific Gravity | 1.265 (15/15℃)1.262 |
Odor | Odorless. |
PH Range | 5.5 - 8 |
PH | 5.5-8 (25℃, 5M in H2O) |
explosive limit | 2.6-11.3%(V) |
Odor Type | odorless |
biological source | synthetic (organic) |
Water Solubility | >500 g/L (20 ºC) |
Sensitive | Hygroscopic |
λmax | λ: 260 nm Amax: 0.05 |
Merck | 14,4484 |
JECFA Number | 909 |
BRN | 635685 |
Dielectric constant | 47.0（Ambient） |
Exposure limits | OSHA: TWA 15 mg/m3; TWA 5 mg/m3 |
Stability: | Stable. Incompatible with perchloric acid, lead oxide, acetic anhydride, nitrobenzene, chlorine, peroxides, strong acids, strong bases. Combustible. |
Cosmetics Ingredients Functions | HUMECTANT |
InChIKey | PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
LogP | -2.32 |
Surface tension | 64mN/m at 20°C |
CAS DataBase Reference | 56-81-5(CAS DataBase Reference) |
NIST Chemistry Reference | 1,2,3-Propanetriol(56-81-5) |
EPA Substance Registry System | Glycerine (56-81-5) |
Absorption | ≤0.02 at 280nm in H2O at 0.5M |
Safety Information
Hazard Codes | F,Xn |
Risk Statements | 36-20/21/22-11 |
Safety Statements | 24/25-39-26 |
RIDADR | UN 1282 3/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 1 |
RTECS | MA8050000 |
F | 3 |
Autoignition Temperature | 698 °F |
TSCA | TSCA listed |
HS Code | 29054500 |
Hazardous Substances Data | 56-81-5(Hazardous Substances Data) |
Toxicity | LD50 in rats (ml/kg): >20 orally; 4.4 i.v. (Bartsch) |
PRODUCT APPLICATIONS OF Glycerol (CAS# 56-81-5)
Glycerol serves as a key raw material in the synthesis of nitroglycerin, acetic acid glycerol esters, surfactants, flavoring agents, alkyd resins, and ester gums. Additionally, it can be directly utilized in antifreeze formulations, cosmetics, and inks.
Its functional versatility extends to multiple roles:
· Water-retaining agent: Enhances moisture retention in baked goods like bread and cakes.
· Carrier solvent: Facilitates the application of flavors, pigments, and water-soluble preservatives.
· Thickener: Improves texture in beverages and wine formulations.
· Plasticizer: Softens candy, desserts, and meat products.
· Sweetener: Provides mild sweetness in food applications.
· Gas chromatographic fixative: Stabilizes samples in analytical procedures.
According to EEC regulations, glycerol is approved for use in alcoholic beverages, confectionery (e.g., candy, cakes), bakery products, coating glazes, meat and cheese coatings, gelatin-based sweets, and other food categories.
